α-氯丙酸的合成及反应机理研究

Synthesis of α-chloropropionic Acid and Reaction Mechanism

摘要: 以丙酸酐为催化剂、氯气为氯化剂,合成了α-氯丙酸.研究反应温度、催化剂用量、催化剂的加入方式等因素对产品收率的影响.结果表明,最佳工艺条件为:反应温度130℃,丙酐与丙酸的摩尔比n(丙酐):n(丙酸)=1:6,氯气的流速为90 mL/min,空气的流速为15 mL/min.产品纯度达96%,收率达89%.绘制了动力学曲线并作了理论分析,初步探讨了其反应机理.

Abstract: The α-chloropropionic acid was synthesised by propionic acid using propionic anhydride as catalyst,chlorine as chlorinating agent.The effect of temperature and amount of catalyst was investigated on the yield of product.The optimal conditions were determined to be temperature 130 ℃,n(propionic anhydride):n(propionic acid)=1∶6,chlorine mass flow 90 mL/min and air feed 15 mL/min.The product purity reached 96% and the yield reached 89%.The kintics curves were drawn and the reaction mechanism was studied preliminarily.