Abstract: Aiming at controlling the insect pests in greenhouse vegetable planting, the greenhouse Internet of thing based on STM32F401 Controller is designed. In the system, a high performance ARM embedded system STM32F401 was used as control core, the digital temperature sensor DS18B20 and RHD40 humidity sensor and other sensors, such as light, CO₂, NPK sensors for acquisition the greenhouse temperature and humidity data and other related parameters, respectively. And through EMW3080 Wi-Fi module to transmit data to the PC, the PC will manage data saved in the database, and do the data analysis, as a further study of greenhouse vegetables growth environment parameter based on the data base. STM32F401 controls the relevant equipment to adjust the temperature and humidity to the set value and maintains several hours for pest control purposes. The experiments showed that when the temperature is 40℃, humidity 85%~90%, and keep the condition of 4 h, the aphid on beans, cucumber in greenhouse was effectively killed instead of pesticides, so an organic ecological greenhouse cultivation was realized, and pesticides pollution was avoided.