Abstract: Based on the files of the ADTD from 2007 to 2015 in Henan province, the features of the lightning characteristics of temporal and spatial distribution were analyzed, and the correlation between lightning and urban altitude, water, paddy field, dry land or other different underlying surfaces were studied. In Henan province, lightning mainly happened from April to August, and lightning daily variation displayed a typical bi-peak pattern. Meanwhile, there existed a positive correlation between the distribution of lightning density characteristics and the city construction range and the average altitude. Besides, lightning stroke intensity was strong in water and swamp areas, especially in transition area between hills dry field and water and swamp areas. Lightning density and intensity in oil field and open pit coal mine exploitation areas were slightly higher than surrounding areas.