Abstract: The article reviews the role and recent progress of hydrogen bonding in different types of self-assembly of oligomeric aromatic amide, ologomeric quinoline derivative, picolinamide, anthranilic acid amide oligomer, phenan-throline polymer, hydrazide, pyrazine-imidazole acetamide, urea derivative and so on. The self-assembly based on hydrogen bonds possess the diversity and universality due to the reversibility of hydrogen bonds. Therefore, the influence of the structure and property of hydrogen bonds on self-assembly can be predicted. It can provide the theory basis for designing and synthesizing of the materials with structure stability, excellent property and free controlling