Abstract: The form,generation,the character of the wasp nest,surving the winter,law of doing,reproduction,hunting for food,taxis and natural enemy of the polistes olivaceus in chestnut wood in south of Henan was investigated in detail.The research results show that the number of polistes olivaceus can be increased by moving the wasp nest,ruming the chestnut wood,tutoring and artificial building nest for reproduction in advance.