觅食时间和食物可利用性对波尔山羊觅食行为的作用格局

Effects of Foraging Time Restriction on the Foraging Behavior of Boergoats

  • 摘要: 在人工种植的多年生黑麦草草地条件下,采用重复的2×2析因实验设计,以植被高度3.0 cm(-H)和6.0 cm(+H)为食物可利用性因子,以觅食时间限制(夜间禁牧,-T)和无觅食时间限制(昼夜放牧,+T)为觅食时间因子,测定觅食时间和食物可利用性对波尔山羊觅食行为、食物摄入量和食物消化率的独立作用及其交互作用.研究结果表明,在排除食物可利用因子的条件下,觅食时间限制处理个体的觅食回合极显著地降低(P0.01),觅食时间亦极显著地延长(P0.01);而日总觅食时间则较无觅食时间限制处理个体显著地减少(P0.01).觅食时间限制处理个体以较大口量觅食,能显著地提高其瞬时摄入率;而无觅食时间限制处理个体则不能使其瞬时摄入率最大化.觅食时间限制处理个体仅在+H条件下,能补偿其因每日觅食时间减少而损失的摄入量.反之,在-H条件下,觅食时间限制处理能降低其总的日摄入量.研究结果充分验证了本文提出的,在低矮植被,大型植食性哺乳动物的日摄入量依赖于其日觅食时间的假设.

     

    Abstract: Foraging behaviour,intake rate and diet digestibility of boergoats were measured on man-made ryegrass pastures in a replicated 2×2 factorial experiment.Overnight access to ryegrass pasture was varied(restricted overnight and continuous access)on two sward heights(6.0 and 3.0 cm),represented high and low availability.Regardless of food availability,the time-restricted boergoats fed for all of the available grazing time by grazing for fewer,longer foraging bouts,but still had much shorter total daily grazing ...

     

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