Abstract: Based on the formulae of the first-order and second-order Kirchhoff approximation of rough surface scattering obtained from the stationary phase method with consideration of the shadowing effect,the electromagnetic scattering of the two-dimensional rough sea surface with the semi-empirical sea spectrum was investigated.The condition of the backscattering enhancement occuring for the sea scattering was analyzed.The angular distribution of the scattering coefficient was calculated and compared for different polarizations.The dependence of the angular distribution of the second-order scattering coefficient and the backscattering enhancement on the wind speed,the incident frequency and the incident angle were discussed in details.