城市生物多样性保护的景观生态学原理和方法

Study on landscape ecology in city biodiversity conservation

摘要: 景观生态学以景观为研究对象,强调景观结构和功能对生态过程的影响,重视景观中生物群落与主要环境条件之间错综复杂的因果反馈关系.因此,在城市生物多样性保护中,导入景观生态学的理念和方法,必将为城市生物多样性的保护提供新的思路和视角.城市生物多样性保护的景观生态学原理主要包括斑块—廊道—基质模式、景观多样性和景观异质性、景观连接度及景观连通性以及景观生态规划格局原理等.城市生物多样性的保护要从城市园林斑块的建设、廊道的规划设计、城市绿色生态网络的构建以及大型的城郊森林斑块和环城森林带建设入手.

Abstract: Biodiversity is the base of existing and development of city.However,city biodiversity is decreasing greatly because of urbanization and pollution etc.Landscape ecology provides new methods and theories for bildiversity conservation.Based on the principles and methods of landscape ecology,some specific countermeasures for biodiversity conservation of city were put forward.