水稻杂种优势的遗传研究
Studies on gerete of rice heterosis
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摘要: 采用双列杂交法分析水稻杂种优势.用杂交水稻研究中具有代表性的8个品种,按所有可能成对杂交,对配成的28个组合进行田间重复试验,评估产量及其构成因子等性状.结果表明,所考察6个农艺性状在各组合间总体平均数差异显著;6个农艺性状一般配合力方差和特殊配合力方差达到极显著水平,即表明所研究性状同时受加性效应和非加性效应控制;从8个亲本6个农艺性状的一般配合力效应值(gi)分析可得出,同一亲本不同性状其gi值不同,同一性状gi值在不同亲本间亦有很大差别;从28个组合的特殊配合力效应(Sij)可得出,特殊配合力在同一组合不同性状间以及同一性状不同组合间存在显著差异.一般配合力与特殊配合力在多数组合中表现一致,但也有例外,是由于双亲杂交具有很强的非加性效应所致.在产量构成要素中,单株实粒数表现为最高杂种优势,其次是有效穗数,而千粒重优势最小.Abstract: The dialel cross method was applied to analyze rice heterosis.The field experiment with replacement was conducted with twenty-eight combinations which were crossed with eight typical varieties according to single cross.Their yields,yield constituates and other characters were estimated.The results show that population means of six agronomic and economic characters were significant different,variances of general and special combining ability were very signifcant.In other word,the traits of studying were cont...
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