芽孢杆菌固态发酵对油茶饼粕饲用营养成分的影响

Research on the effects of Bacillus solid-state fermentation on the nutritional value of Camellia seed cake

  • 摘要: 油茶饼粕是生产饲料的潜在原料,然而油茶饼粕营养不均衡且含有抗营养因子,阻碍其在饲料中的应用。微生物固态发酵能够通过代谢作用优化油茶饼粕营养组成,减少抗营养因子含量。以饲料添加安全的芽孢杆菌为出发菌株,研究固态发酵后油茶饼粕中多酚、黄酮、粗蛋白质、氨基酸,以及茶皂素、单宁含量的变化情况。结果表明,固态发酵后,油茶饼粕中多酚、黄酮含量略有下降,粗蛋白质、单宁、茶皂素含量显著降低。发酵后酪氨酸含量略微减少,其余氨基酸含量得到增加,其中地衣芽孢杆菌发酵后的油茶饼粕中茶皂素降解率最高。油茶饼粕中茶皂素降解发酵条件的优化,最佳的固态发酵条件为初始含水率100%、温度35 ℃、接种量8%、发酵时间60 h。

     

    Abstract: Camellia seed cake was a potential raw material for feed production. However, the nutritional composition of Camellia seed cake was imbalanced, and it contains anti-nutritional factors, which hinder was application in feed. Microbial solid-state fermentation can optimize the nutritional composition of Camellia seed cake through metabolic processes and reduce the content of anti-nutritional factors. Bacillus strain which was safe for feed application was used as the starting strain to investigate the changes in the contents of polyphenols, flavonoids, crude protein, amino acids, as well as tea saponins and tannins, in Camellia seed cake after solid-state fermentation. The results showed that, after solid-state fermentation, the contents of polyphenols and flavonoids were slightly reduced, crude protein, tannins and tea saponin in Camellia seed cake were significantly reduced. After fermentation, the tyrosine content slightly decreased, while the contents of other amino acids increased. Among them, the tea saponin degradation rate was the highest in Camellia seed cake fermented with Bacillus licheniformis. Through the optimization of fermentation conditions for tea saponin degradation in Camellia seed cake, the optimal solid-state fermentation conditions were determined to be initial water ratio of 100%, temperature of 35 ℃, inoculum size of 8%, and fermentation time of 60 h.

     

/

返回文章
返回