Abstract: During the hot compression deformation of Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloys， the long-period stacking ordered （LPSO） phase plays a significant role in the mechanical behavior and microstructural evolution of the alloy. The existing studies mostly focus on single-factor analysis， making it difficult to systematically reveal the complex interaction mechanism of LPSO phases under multi-factor coupling. Recent research progress on the LPSO phase during the hot compression of Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloys were reviewed. First， the basic structural characteristics of the LPSO phase and its common morphologies during the hot compression process were briefly described. Subsequently， the influence of LPSO on the thermal compression mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of magnesium alloys was systematically summarized， with three key aspects focused on the existence state， orientation and morphology of the LPSO phase. Effective improvement of alloy mechanical properties， grain refinement， and simultaneous enhancement of strength and ductility could be achieved by appropriate control of the LPSO phase. Finally， the existing problems and deficiencies in current research were analyzed， and future research directions and trends of the LPSO phase in magnesium alloy field were proposed.