Abstract: As a staple food for most people， the potential allergic issues of rice have been made an important research direction. The recent research advancements in the biological characteristics of rice proteins， the identification of seed allergenic proteins， and the mechanisms of rice seed allergic reactions were reviewed. Currently， the research findings on rice seed allergenic proteins had been enriched in their theoretical system， and the important basis for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases has been provided. In the future， the identification methods of rice seed allergenic proteins should be optimized， their molecular mechanisms should be explored， the potential of food processing to reduce allergy risks should be investigated， and the regional monitoring as well as public awareness should be strengthened.