Abstract: As an important area for constructing the southwest security ecological barrier of China， the Border region of Yunnan Province is of great significance for the study of landscape ecological risk. Based on land use data， the regional landscape ecological risk assessment and spatial autocorrelation analysis were conducted. The results showed that：1） Forest land and grassland were identified as the main landscape types in the study area， and the area of construction land was increased rapidly during the study period. The dominance index of forest land was the highest， all above 0.59； the landscape fragmentation， separation and disturbance indices of construction land were all relatively high.2） The area with elevated risk was larger than that with reduced risk in the study area. 76.79% of the study area was characterized by stable landscape ecological risk level， 16.28% was elevated， 5.63% was reduced， 1.06% was significantly elevated， and 0.24% was significantly reduced.3） According to the results of spatial autocorrelation，the significant spatial heterogeneity was detected in the study area. High-high clusters were mainly distributed in the Xiaowan Hydropower Station， the Lancang River Basin， the Banqiaohe Reservoir， as well as Wenshan City， Xichou County， Mengzi City and Jianshui County. Low-low clusters were mainly distributed in Funing County， Jiangcheng Hani and Yi Autonomous County， Mengla County and Fugong County.