Abstract: In order to investigate the distribution status of alien plants in the Dabie Mountains of southern Henan province， the data on structural composition， origin， life form， and distribution patterns were collected through field surveys， literature reviews， and examination of specimens from the Chinese Virtual Herbarium （CVH）. A total of 156 alien taxa were recorded in the region. Among these， 98 species （belonging to 62 genera in 24 families） were classified as invasive and naturalized plants， while 58 species （from 42 genera in 24 families） were designated as species requiring further observation. In addition， 19 alien invasive species were newly recorded in Henan Province. The invasive and naturalized alien taxa were predominantly represented by species from the families Asteraceae （22.45%）， Amaranthaceae （10.2%） and Poaceae （8.16%）. Herbaceous plants constituted the majority （95 species， 96.9% of the total）， and species originating from the Americas were the most common （67 species， 68.4%）. In Xinyang City（Shihe，Pingqiao district）， a total of 92 invasive and naturalized alien plant species were recorded， representing the highest number among all regions and sharing the greatest number of species with the other eight counties.