Abstract:
Introduction of a difluoroalkyl into small organic molecules would improve their bioactivity, which was prevalently used in drug design. In addition, γ-lactam, as one of the most important nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings, was widely applied in synthetic and medicinal chemistry. Therefore, the development of synthetic strategies for 3,3-difluoro-γ-lactam was a valuable research topic. The methods of transition-metal- and photoredox-catalyzed 3,3-difluoro-γ-lactam synthesis were summarized, the mechanism and limitation of the reaction were discussed, and the future development direction was prospected.