双色场操控下氩原子单电离超快动力学研究

Ultrafast dynamics of Argon single ionization driven by two‑color laser fields

  • 摘要: 研究了双色激光场操控下原子单电离过程中光电子动量谱,通过调节双色场的交叉角度和相对相位,实现对光电子发射方向的有效控制。在实验方面,采用冷靶反冲离子动量谱仪(COLTRIMS),测量了800 nm + 400 nm线偏振双色场在不同交叉角度和相对相位下的光电子动量谱。结果显示,随着交叉角度的增大,动量谱的主轴方向发生倾斜,其倾斜角度约为交叉角度的1/2;而随着相对相位的变化,动量分布在第二和第四象限之间出现显著的周期性波动。在理论方面,基于海森堡势的经典系综模型对实验结果进行了模拟,进一步揭示了光电子发射方向与电离时间延迟之间的关系。交叉角度的增大,导致光电子发射更集中在单个光学周期内,并且周期内干涉效应显著改变了光电子的运动路径。理论模拟与实验结果表明,双色场的交叉角度和相对相位可以协同作用,实现对光电子发射的角度分布和对称性的精确调控。

     

    Abstract: The photoelectron momentum distribution resulting from the single ionization of atoms driven by two-color laser fields was investigated. By adjusting the crossing angle and relative phase of the two-color fields, the effective control over the emission direction of photoelectrons was achieved. Experimentally, photoelectron momentum distributions were measured using a cold target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy (cold target recoil ion momentum spectroscopy (COLTRIMS)) setup under linearly polarized 800 nm + 400 nm two-color laser fields with varying crossing angles and relative phases. The results showed that, with increasing crossing angle, the principal axis of the momentum distribution tilted, the tilt angle was approximately equal to half of the crossing angle. Moreover, periodic oscillations in the momentum distribution between the second and fourth quadrants were observed as the relative phase varied. Theoretically, a classical ensemble model incorporating the Heisenberg potential was employed to simulate the experimental results, revealing relationships between the emission direction of photoelectrons and the ionization time delay. It was found that increasing the crossing angle confined electron emission to within a single optical cycle, and that intracycle interference significantly altered photoelectron trajectories. These combined experimental and theoretical findings demonstrated that both the crossing angle and relative phase of the two-color fields could be used synergistically to precisely control the angular distribution and symmetry of photoelectron emission.

     

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