成熟时滞与消化时滞共同作用对一类捕食模型动力学行为的影响

The joint impacts of maturation delay and digestion delay on the dynamics of a predator⁃prey model

  • 摘要: 研究了一类具有成熟时滞和消化时滞的捕食者⁃食饵模型的动力学。首先,运用几何方法对具有参数依赖时滞的特征方程进行了分析,得到了时滞参数平面上的Hopf分支曲线和不稳定区域。其次,运用中心流形和规范型理论推导出了判断分支方向和周期轨道稳定性的准则。最后,结合数值模拟发现,随着消化时滞的增大,模型将失稳;而随着成熟时滞增加,模型经过有限次稳定性切换后趋于稳定状态。

     

    Abstract: The dynamics of a predator⁃prey model with maturation and digestion delays were studied. The characteristic equation with delay-dependent parameters was first analyzed using the geometric method. Accordingly, the Hopf bifurcation curve and unstable region on the two-delay plane were obtained. The center manifold and normal form theory were then applied to deduce the criteria for judging the bifurcation direction and the stability of the bifurcation periodic orbit. Combined with numerical examples, it was found that, as the digestion delay increases, the model would lose its stability. In contrast, as the maturation lag increases, the model would tend to be stable after finite stability switches.

     

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