Abstract: The time delay of the earthquake simulation shaking table test is known to affect the test accuracy， system stability and convergence， which can even lead to divergence in the test results. Using the earthquake simulation shaking table from College of Architecture and Civil Engineering at Xinyang Normal University as an example， a simulation design and analysis for delay compensation in the earthquake simulation shaking table test were conducted using a BP neural network， with its effectiveness validated through MATLAB software simulation. The results indicated that the significant effect on time delay compensation for the earthquake simulation shaking table was provided by the neural network control algorithm.