Abstract: The efficiency of new infrastructure construction （NIC） in Henan Province and its spatial-temporal evolution pattern from 2010 to 2022 were measured using the Super-SBM model with non-expected output， Moran’s I， spatial Markov chain， Thiel index and Kernel density estimation for the 18 cities in Henan province as the research object. The results showed that： （1） Under the condition constraints of capital， labor， energy and environment， the efficiency of NIC in Henan province had continuously been improved during the period， and was generally at a relatively high level. Among them， the mean value of NIC efficiency was the highest in northern Henan， and the mean value of NIC efficiency was the lowest in western and southwestern Henan. （2） After 2016， the NIC efficiency of cities in Henan province showed spatial correlation， and the NIC cooperation between cities was increasingly strengthened. （3） City location factors played an important role in the dynamic evolution of NIC efficiency， and the phenomena of “neighbor as good” and “beggar-thy-neighbor” coexisted. （4） Differences in NIC efficiency between the regions of the four economic zones were the main source of overall differences in NIC efficiency in Henan province， and both inter-regional and intra-regional differences in NIC efficiency between cities showed a tendency to decrease.