Abstract: Based on 48 distribution records and 6 environmental variables, the MaxEnt model to simulate the potential distribution range of the Dabie mountain P. dabeshanensis from the Last Glacial Maximum to the 20th century was applied to explore the environmental factors influencing its suitable distribution range and analyze the spatial transformation patterns. The results indicated that: (1) The MaxEnt model has extremely high predictive accuracy, with an Area Under Curve (AUC) value of 0.998. (2) Currently, P. dabeshanensis is mainly distributed in the Dabie mountain region of southwestern Anhui and eastern Hubei in China. The total area of potential suitable habitats is approximately 83.28×10⁴ km². The high, moderate and low suitability zones cover areas of approximately 6.61×10⁴ km², 20.88×10⁴ km² and 55.80×10⁴ km², respectively. The distribution center of the high suitability area is located at Zipeng mountain in Hefei, Anhui. (3) The main climatic factors restricting the distribution pattern of the Dabie mountain P. dabeshanensis are the precipitation of the warmest quarter (bio18), the lowest temperature of the coldest month (bio6) and isothermality (bio3). (4) It is predicted that the distribution center of the high suitability zone of P. dabeshanensis will shift southward in