Abstract: The one-dimensional compression-swelling behavior of reconstituted clay is one of the most fundamental mechanical properties of clay.One-dimensional compression load-unload tests of seven reconstituted clays are carried out, and the physical-chemical properties and the mineral composition are measured. Based on the test results, the classical correlation equations for compression-swelling behavior of clay are appraised. The conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) The prediction results of four classical compression index equations are pretty good, and the Nagaraj equation is the best. (2) Relationship between void index and effective vertical stress of seven reconstituted clays almost coincides with the Intrinsic Compression Line proposed by Burland. (3) The prediction results of Nagaraj and Burland one-dimensional compression equations are all good, and Burland equation is better. (4) The prediction results of Nagaraj and Kulhawy swelling index equations are all good, and Kulhawy equation is better. (5) Compression index and swelling index all have strong correlation with specific surface area and cation exchange capacity. And the correlation with specific surface area is stronger than that with cation exchange capacity. (6) The minimum of the ratio of compression index to swelling index is 3.0, and the maximum is 10.2, which is beyond the range of 5~10. And the ratio decreases with the increase of plasticity of the soil.