Abstract: Based on vector channel data and ArcGIS 10.2 platform, taking the Upper and Middle Huaihe river as research area, the channel direction of main stream and tributaries on both sides are calculated and analyzed. The results show that the channel direction of the north branches in the middle and upper Huaihe river is 109°~133°, with an average of 120°. While the channel direction of the south branches is 8°~50°, with an average of 28°. The angles of the north and south branches between the main stream of the Huaihe river are 59° and 42°, respectively. In comparison with the regional topography, the channel direction of the tributaries on both sides of Huaihe river is basically consistent with the topographic characteristics, which indicates a typical consequent river. However, the trend of the Shihe and Dongfeihe rivers in the south side of Huaihe River deviates greatly from that of other tributaries, which may be caused by local fault activity.