Abstract: Based on the socio-economic and geospatial data of 88 districts and counties in Guizhou in 2019, the urban lighting-socio-economic development index is constructed, and the economic development pattern of prefecture-level cities and districts and counties is analyzed with the help of urban light, average light intensity and GDP spatial model. The results show that: ① at the prefecture-city level, the correlation coefficient between output value and cultivated land is relatively high, and the output values of GDP₂、GDP_#、GDP₃ can well reflect the overall economic distribution; ② at the district and county level, the fitting effect of night light and GDP data is better, and the relative error is less than 13.4%, indicating that the spatial accuracy of the district and county data is better. Some suggestions on planning, construction and finance are put forward.