Abstract: Using the environmental proxies of grain-size, frequency susceptibility and content of heavy metal element, the relationship of human activities and paleo-environment of the Wangwan site in Luoyang is discussed. The results show that the samples of the Longshan culture layer are mainly deposited with silty loess, and the lower value of frequency susceptibility (mean 11.9%) and the lower value of Rb/Sr (0.64) indicate that the region was dominated by strong winter wind in the early Longshan period (phase Ⅲ of Wangwan site), and the wind dust accumulation was of prevalence. Clay is the main components of layer in the Erlitou culture period. The climate was warm-wet by indicators of the higher frequency susceptibility (mean 12.3%) and higher values of Rb/Sr(0.81) reflecting a strong summer monsoon. Correspondingly, the high intensity of human activities represented by the fire regime in the Erlitou period contrasted to the Longshan period. And, the tools were also improved from the Longshan to the Erlitou period.