1995—2015年中国耕地时空演变特征研究

Spatio Temporal Variation of Cultivated Land Change During 1995-2015 in China

  • 摘要: 基于土地利用变化模式图谱、标准差椭圆等方法研究了1995-2015中国耕地及变化耕地的时空演变特征.结果表明:(1)在全国尺度上,研究期间中国耕地面积2000年前后呈现出先增加后减少的特点,耕地空间分布重心持续向西北方向移动,耕地分布空间不断扩张;(2)1995-2005年耕地空间变化较为剧烈,期间新增耕地主要来源于林地、草地,同期减少耕地主要转变为林地、草地及建设用地,在2005-2015年耕地活跃度变小,期间新增耕地主要来源于草地、未利用地,减少耕地主要是建设用地的占用;(3)1995-2005期间新增耕地及减少耕地均呈“东北-西南”格局,新增耕地空间分布相对分散,减少耕地空间分布相对集中,新增耕地重心逐渐向西北方向移动,2005-2015年期间新增耕地呈现出“正东-正西”格局,而减少耕地呈现“东北-西南”格局,期间新增耕地空间上主要位于我国北部地区,而减少耕地空间上主要位于我国东南地区.

     

    Abstract: Based on the land use change pattern map and SDE method, the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of cultivated land was studied in China during 2000-2015. The results showed that: (1) the cultivated land area increased first and then decreased around 2000 year, but the gravity center was moving northwest during the study period and the spatial distribution space continued to expand.(2) the area and spatial location of cultivated land changed dramatically from the year 1995 to 2005 and the new cultivated land mainly came from woodland and grassland; the reduction of cultivated land was mainly transformed into woodland, grassland and construction land; the activity of cultivated land decreased and the new cultivated land mainly came from grassland and unused land while the reduction of cultivated land was mainly occupied by construction land during the year of 2005-2015.(3) During the year 1995-2005, the increased and decreased cultivated land were in the pattern of "northeast to southwest" and the spatial distribution of increased cultivated land was relatively dispersed while the spatial distribution of decreased cultivated land was relatively concentrated. The gravity center of the increased cultivated land was moving north-west during 1995-2005. During the year 2005-2015, the increased cultivated land was in the pattern of "due east-due west" while the decreased cultivated land in the pattern of "northeast-southwest".When it came to the spatial distribution, the increased cultivated land mainly located in the north China, while the reduced cultivated land mainly located in the southeast China.

     

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