Abstract: In order to investigate the reproductive behavior characteristics of the mating times and sexual selection of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål), the inbred lines of brown planthopper biotype 1 and biotype Y were constructed, and 9 SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) molecular markers with obvious size differences between the two lines were selected for paternity identification. In the female mating times experiment, 23 mating females were successfully observed and molecularly identified. Among them, 19 females mated only once along their lifetime, and only 4 females mated two times along their lifetime. Thus, there is a mixed mating strategy for brown planthopper female with mainly basing on single mating and supplementing by mating twice during its whole lifetime. In the sexual selection analysis, firstly, 23 mating males were successfully observed and identified in the intra-sex selection experiment, among which 18 biotype Y males choosed to mate with females; secondly, 83% biotype Y males that observed and identified in the inter-sex selection experiment choose to mate with females. Taken together, these results suggest that the biotype Y male has a stronger competitive advantage in sexual selection.