Abstract: Morchella importuna was selected as the research object, three treatments, covering black plastic film (A), covering white plastic film (B) and not covering plastic film (C), were designed to study the correlation between them and Morchella importuna primordium induction, mushroom growth and yield. The results showed that: 1) on the basis of covering black plastic film, white plastic film and not covering plastic film, the density of conidial layer (bacteria frost) of Morchella importuna was A < B < C after 10~30 days of cultivation; 2) mulching with plastic film was helpful to induce mycelial differentiation primordium, with more mushroom buds and more mushrooms, and the mushroom forming rate and yield were higher than that of the soil without plastic film. It provides theoretical and practical basis for large-scale artificial cultivation of Morchella in Central Plains.