Abstract: Based on the data of monthly sunshine hours from Xinyang Weather Station in Henan Province, the characteristics of annual, seasonal and monthly sunshine hours from 1951 to 2016 are analyzed using linear regression and anomaly analysis. At the same time, variation characteristics of sunshine hours and its relation with some climatic factors and fine particles are also analyzed. The present results show that: the annual sunshine hours in Xinyang area showed a significant downward trend and they decreased at a speed of 119.66 h/10a from 1951 to 2016; the annual sunshine hours decreased anomaly in 2009 and 2012, and in 2009 they were mainly affected by the change of sunshine hours in winter, and in 2012 they were mainly affected by the changes of sunshine hours in spring and winter; the monthly variation of sunshine hours in Xinyang area showed a significant negative correlation with the monthly variation of particle concentration. Months with relatively more sunshine hours had relatively small fine particle concentration.From 1951 to 1971, the sunshine hours were obviously influenced by the water vapor pressure and humidity, and were directly affected by the scattering, refraction and absorption of water vapor. From 2005 to 2016, the average wind speed was significantly positively correlated with the sunshine hours, and the large average wind speed was conducive to the spread of pollutants.