Abstract: The contents of amino acids in seeds of 20 representative special rice varieties in Xinyang area were detected and analyzed by near infrared grain analyzer. The results showed that there were significant differences in the total amino acid content of different special rice seeds. The total amino acid content in Heixiangdao seeds was 26.64 mg/g higher than that of Xingengnuo 631. There were abundant variations in the contents of essential amino acids and total essential amino acids. Especially, the contents of total essential amino acids in some special rice varieties such as Yunong 32 and Aiganxiangdaowan were higher than those in other rice varieties. In the seeds of special rice varieties, the contents of restrictive amino acids, heterocyclic amino acids and aromatic amino acids varied greatly. Among them, the contents of lysine, heterocyclic amino acids and aromatic amino acids in Aiganxiangdaowan from Xixian County were relatively higher. Therefore, for the varieties with high contents of total amino acids, restricted amino acids and essential amino acids in the seeds of special rice varieties in Xinyang area, which can be considered as the backbone parents for the breeding of new special rice varieties with high quality in the future.