Abstract: In order to make a further understanding on the resource distribution and species diversity of reptiles, an investigation was carried out in Henan Jigongshan National Nature Reserve from February to September 2016. A total of 34 reptile species (belonging to 22 genera, 7 families, and 2 orders) were recorded. Among of those, 3 species belong to Testudoformes and 31 species belong to Squamata. According to the geographic distribution of these reptiles, 20 species belonged to the Oriental realm, 5 species to the Palaearctic realm, and 9 species to the cosmopolitan realm. Based on the distribution pattern of these reptiles, 22 species belonged to southern China type and Oriental type, 7 species to monsoon type, 5 species to northeast and north China type. They were 64.72%, 20.58% and 14.7%, respectively. Based on the results, the reptile diversity, the community characteristics of reptiles,the threat factors and the endangered protective reptiles were discussed in this area, and four recommendations for effective management and conversation were proposed.