Abstract: The drought disasters in the Huaihe River basin since 1200 were exacted from Chinese historical documents. Using these records, the frequency of drought was analyzed by using the statistical methods. The spatial pattern of drought disasters was then reconstructed and analyzed. The main results showed that:(1) The areas prone to drought disasters had switched from the eastern and southern Huaihe River basin during 1200-1948 to the central and northern regions over 1949-2014. (2) The drought grade was relatively higher during 1200-1948 except for the lower reaches of Huaihe River. However, over the period of 1949-2014, the total drought grade was relatively lower for Huaihe River Basin.