Abstract: To explore the low temperature on the physiological ecology of two differential effect, selection of Guangxi and Hunan differential both excellent camellia as materials, research under the temperature gradient, the two kinds of seedling leaves of the maximal photochemical efficiency（Fv/Fm) and three kinds of antioxidant enzymes in Camellia oleifera peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the changes of enzyme activity of antioxidant enzymes. Results showed that: (1) The temperature to make two oil-tea maximum photochemical efficiency（Fv/Fm) decreased, but the impact is not obvious; (2) After low temperature treatment, the catalase(CAT) activity of Guangxi camellia is the highest in 20 ℃,the catalase(CAT) activity of Hunan camellia is the highest in 15 ℃,the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activityin of two kinds of camellia is the highest in 20 ℃,the peroxidase(POD) activity of Guangxi camellia  is the highest in 15 ℃ ,the peroxidase(POD) activity of Hunan camellia is the highest in 10 ℃.