Abstract: The method of field survey, specimen collection, digital photography, classification and literature retrieval were introduced to investigate the resource and distribution of medicinal plant in national forest park of shimantan in Henan province. The results showed that there are 87 families, 266 species medicinal plants which belong to pteridophyte 7 families, 7 species; gymnosperm 3 families, 4 species; angiosperm 77 families, 255 species in this area. And the pharmacological effects of some important medicinal plants were analyzed. According to the current situation in exhaustive exploitation from people and depletion of medicinal plant resource, suggestions are proposed on protection, development and utilization of wild medicinal plant resource.