Abstract: Based on the monthly maximum, minimum temperature and monthly precipitation data at Shanghai in the period of 1873-2017, the climate productivity was calculated by using the Thornthwaite Memorial model. On this basis, the changing characteristics of climate productivity at Shanghai for the past 145 years were analyzed by using Fisher optimal segmentation, multiple linear regression and other mathematical statistical methods. The relative contribution rates of temperature and precipitation to climate productivity in Shanghai were quantitatively evaluated. The results showed that:(1) In the past 145 years, the climate productivity of Shanghai has increased significantly at the rate of 10.7±3.4 kg/(hm²·a). (2) Climate productivity was affected by both temperature and precipitation. The relative contribution rates of precipitation and temperature in Shanghai from 1873 to 2017 were 64.6% and 35.4%, among which precipitation was the main driving factor in the change of climate productivity. (3) The contribution of temperature and precipitation to climate productivity were significantly affected by climate change. The results showed that the contribution rate of temperature increased 4.95%±0.93% when the temperature increased by 1℃. However, the contribution rate of precipitation decreased 4.66%±1.10% when the precipitation increased by 100 mm.