Abstract: Using the remote sensing images of Headwaters of the Huaihe River Basin in the years of 1993、2003、2013 as the main data sources, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of land use in Headwaters of the Huaihe River Basin during the past 20 years and the driving factors were analyzed by using GIS and RS technology, supervised classification, overlay analysis and other methods. The results showed that:(1)the cultivated land, water and unused land showed a decreasing trend, among which the change of cultivated land was the largest; the residential land increased continuously; the area of forest land decreased first and then increased; (2) the population, economic and urban development were the main driving factors of land use change in Headwaters of the Huaihe River Basin.