Abstract: Sterol carrier protein (SCP-2) is the nonspecific lipid transfer protein widely existing in vertebrates and invertebrates. Any factors which may affect the expression of SCP-2 gene will influence steroid hormone synthesis, thereby affecting the organism growth. At present, the research on the transcriptional regulation of this gene was less, mainly in mammals. In this review, recent progress in the study of the expression regulation of SCP-2 gene by environment, hormone and transcription factors was summarized and the potential of using SCPs as a molecular target for pest insect control was also discussed. Studies indicate that transcription factor C/EBP regulate the expression of SCP genes. At the same time, it was suggested that C/EBP protein may be a potential target for new pest control, and it can provide a new way to develop new pest control target.